نشریه زیست بوم نوآوری
سال دوم شماره 1 (پیاپی 5، بهار 1401)

The present study seeks to analyze why and how small and medium-sized Iranian businesses use the Telegram social network. For this purpose, 15 samples were selected from the small business community in the field of technology and information, which are more advanced than other businesses in terms of their type of activity. Semi-structured interview was used to collect data and content analysis method was applied to analyze the collected information. The results of this study show that the small and medium-sized businesses have turned to the Telegram social network due to its breadth of use, economic efficiency and competitiveness. Although the ease of use of the Telegram and its perceived effectiveness are satisfactory for businesses in the field of technology but they do not use a codified strategy for their telegram marketing. The research findings also indicate that the process of marketing communication of these businesses begins with attracting the attention and guidance of the audience and continues with information nourishment and then through continuous and quiet encouragement and finally ends with the formation of a stable relationship and telegram relationship. The results of this study provide insights for corporate marketing managers who can take action through the Telegram social network to improve their marketing communication activities in the form of three approaches: customer-centric, profitability and competitiveness. In general, it is perceived that the need to implement methods, techniques and methodological teachings, especially in order to communicate effectively and evaluate the effectiveness of telegram marketing communications of small and medium businesses in Iran is colorful.

Professional development plays significant role in the emergence of creativity and career innovation. Moreover, knowledge management is a process that involves activities such as the explicit or implicit exchange of experiences and the induction of ideas and skills that lead to increased entrepreneurial capabilities and professional development. The purpose of this study is to investigate the effect of knowledge management on the professional development of the Employee of Ardabil Management and Planning Organization by considering the mediating role of entrepreneurship capability. The statistical population was 186 employees of the Management and Planning Organization of Ardabil province and due to the limitedness of this society, the entire statistical population was studied as a sample. To collect the data, Zandi Entrepreneurship Capacity Standard Questionnaire (2013), Fong & Chi Knowledge Management Standard Questionnaire (2009) and Nova Professional Development Standard Questionnaire (2008) were used. The research model was tested based on the partial least squares method and SmartPLS software. The results showed that knowledge management has a positive effect on the entrepreneurial capabilities and professional development of Ardabil Management and Planning Organization. Entrepreneurship capabilities have a positive effect on the professional development of the employee of the Management and Planning Organization of Ardabil Province. Entrepreneurship capability also has a mediating role in the relationship between knowledge management and professional development of Ardabil Management and Planning Organization employee.

The purpose of this study is the survey of capital structure and factors affecting it in knowledge-based companies and technological units located in the science and technology parks of Sistan and Baluchistan province. The statistical population is all knowledge-based companies and technology units accepted in the Science and Technology Park of Sistan and Baluchistan. Among the 191 companies accepted in this park, 58 companies have been selected as a statistical sample using the random sampling method. The method of collecting data is library and using databases, documents, records and financial statements and other documents and notes of knowledge-based companies and technology units. In this research, the hypotheses related to the size of the company, the gender of the managers and the age of the company have been tested using the method of regression analysis and analysis of variance. Based on the results, there is a positive and significant relationship between the capital structure and the size of these companies, the age of the managers, the preferences and tastes of the managers, and their level of education. Also, the hypotheses of the relationship between capital structure and the variables of managers' awareness with financial concepts, managers' gender, and companies' lifespans were confirmed after performing statistical tests.

This study investigates the role of government policies on innovation by considering the mediating role of risk-taking (fear of failure) in Iran, according to Global Entrepreneurship Monitor (GEM) reports. This research is applied in terms of purpose and descriptive in terms of nature. A questionnaire technique has been used to collect data in this quantitative research. The statistical population of this study is business owners and managers in Iran. The data analysis tools used in this research are SPSS statistical software and AMOS modeling software. In this study, the source of data collection was the global report and the database of the Global Entrepreneurship Monitor website. A linear regression model has been used in order to evaluate the research data. The Global Entrepreneurship Monitor (GEM) measures government policies on entrepreneurship through two subcomponents: protectionist and business-related policies; and government policies related to taxes, duties, and bureaucracy. According to the findings of this study, government policies on entrepreneurship in Iran have had a significant and positive impact on innovation, and the risk-taking (fear of failure) index has played a mediating role in the relationship between the government's policies and innovation. Therefore, in the current economic conditions in Iran, attention to the government's policies and its executive behavior should be paid more attention to develop innovative activities and strengthen entrepreneurial competencies.

The recent financial crisis has created a new dimension to the importance of risk management in financial and non-financial companies and, given the importance of business strategy and organizational performance, this study examines the impact of business strategy on organizational performance with regard to the role of mediating organizational risk management. The statistical population is the research of all the companies active in industrial settlements in the east of Golestan province.The financial crisis caused by the corona pandemic has created a new dimension to the importance of risk management in financial and non-financial companies and, given the importance of business strategy and organizational performance, this study examines the impact of business strategy on organizational performance with regard to the role of mediating organizational risk management. The statistical population is the research of all the companies active in industrial settlements in the east of Golestan province. The sample is based on the Krejsi and Morgan table of 104 companies. The sampling method is simple random. The purpose of this research is applied and in terms of method is descriptive-survey. Since it uses a questionnaire tool to determine the relationships between variables, it is a correlation type. To assess the validity of the questionnaire, the content method and to determine the reliability of the questionnaire from the alpha coefficient Cronbach is used. The results of the analysis by using the Smart PLS software with the structural equation modeling method showed that: 1) There is a significant relationship between business and organizational risk management. 2) there is a significant relationship between business strategy and organizational performance and 3) there is a significant relationship between organizational risk management and organizational performance.

Artificial intelligence (AI) is one of the emerging technologies that has attracted a lot of attention in recent years. The tremendous economic effects of this technology and, on the other hand, the potential risks and challenges have caused policymakers in different countries to pay special attention to appropriate policies for developing AI innovation ecosystems. This research identified the basic functions of AI in the world by examining the innovation ecosystem development policies in 6 countries, the United States, China, England, Russia, India, and the UAE, and interviewing AI experts in the Iran. In addition, the present research has identified the actors of this ecosystem and the roles and mutual relationships between them by presenting the structural and functional mapping of the AI innovation ecosystem and offers some policies to improve the development of the AI ecosystem in Iran. The seven basic AI functions identified in this research are policy and governance, education, financing, research, networking, innovative and startup activities, and technical infrastructure development. Also, the results of this research show that Iran's AI ecosystem has 41 governmental, quasi-governmental and private major actors. Moreover, the research results indicate that to develop the country's AI innovation ecosystem and prevent lagging behind other countries, high-level coordination of government, industry and university actors is needed.